Al-Rafidain Journal for Sports Sciences (RJSS)

* The present research aims at investigating the following:
1. The effect of the suggested training program on development of some components of physical fitness and special requirements on the floor exercise for Gymnastic juniors.
2. The difference concerning some components of physical fitness and special requirements between pre and post tests for each of experimental and control groups.
3. The difference concerning some components of physical fitness and special requirements with reference to post tests between the experimental and control groups.
Conclusion:
Results indicate the Following:
1. There are significant differences between pre and post tests for the sake of post in most variables of specific physical fitness components and special requirements for two groups.
2. The suggested training program has an affection in certain components (explosive power, muscle power, Flexibility, moving balance, coordination and agility) and special requirements and the skill Forman’s.
Statistical process inanest the percentage, arethmeths mean, standard deviation and paired "t".
The sample included 11-13 yeas juniors representing Nina rah team , the sessions were 24.

The research aim at being acquainted with the effects of using the multi learning instruments in learning some Greco roman wrestling. Since it is convinced to the nature of research, the experimental method was used. The sample included 20 sop no vesper in college of physical education, University of sallahadden. The sample divided into two groups with 10 students each. The equality was done in the variables of height, weight, age, and selected physical fitness compound.
The first experimental groups used the learning by multi learning instruments, while the second experimental group was learned by desecration and demonstration. The program lasted (6) weeks with (6) week for each group. The duration of each learning session was (90) minutes. The program lasted from 30 -3 -2008 to 4 -4 -2008. The data were processed statistically by using the mean, Standard deviations, t. test.
The researcher included the following:
Using the multi learning instruments is impressive and has positive effects in the performance technique of, Greco roman wrestling holds.
- The researcher recommended conducting additional studies to know the effectiveness of multi learning means for instruments in the learning of other catches from the freestyle wrestling means, and that of Greco roman wrestling holds, and the different moveable skills from other activities.

The research aims at the following:-
1- Revealing the effect of two styles of mental training on learning some basic offensive skills in Basketball.
2- Revealing the effect of traditional styles on learning some basic offensive skills in Basketball.
3- Revealing the differences in post test between the three groups on learning some basic offensive skills in Basketball.
- Experimental method was used to suit the nature of study, the sample consists of (30) students of the first year in the college of sport education, Salahaddin university 2007, are divided into three groups (10) students for each group. The first group was control and the others are empirical, the three groups were equaled in some variables. The researchers has used interviews, questionnaires, tests and measurements as a means of collecting information of the study. Three basketball learning programs are-set which performs according to the three learning styles, to the control group and to the two empirical groups.
- The three learning programs consists of (36) units, (12) learning units for each group, that covers (6) weeks, two learning units for each week, the time was (90) minutes for each learning units.
The researchers have concluded the following:
1- the two styles of mental training in addition to the traditional style through the three learning programs, have a positive effect on learning some basic offensive skills in Basketball.
2- The indirect mental training style has exceeded the direct mental training style on learning some basic offensive skills in Basketball.
3- The direct mental training has exceeded the traditional style on learning some basic offensive skills in Basketball.

-The aim of the study was to know the relationship between Some attention phases and execution accuracy of penalty kick in soccer.
- the researchers assumes that there was no relationship between Some attention phases and execution accuracy of penalty kick in soccer..
- Descriptive method by surrey style was used to suit the nature of the study .
- sample of the study consisted of ( 18 ) players from sport Karakosh club in soccer in sport season ( 2007 – 2008 )and percentage of ( 78.26 % ) of the total number of the natural players , which was ( 23 ) players and their tests were choice to used such as ( Intensity , concentration , stability , distribution , shifting ) as well the test of shooting accuracy during penalty kick.
Data was treated by (arithmetical mean, standard deviation simple correlation modulus ).
- The researcher concluded that :-
1. There was a significant direct relationship between the test of shooting accuracy during penalty kick and the two tests of ( attention intensity , attention stability ).
2. There was a significant invert relationship between the test of shooting accuracy during penalty kick and the two tests of ( attention concentration , attention distribution ).
3. There was no significant relationship between the test of shooting accuracy during penalty kick and the test of
(attention shifting ).

Important of the studvi
Track and field competitions are contain of natural human movements which include, jogging. throwing, and jumping activities. These activities are the main competitions of Olympic Games.
Also , these competitions mainly depend on digital measurement where many fitness fields became as tests which give the real ability of individual movement , therefore, the researchers have development standards and levels for students in order to evaluate them in track and field objectively for better performance
Methodologyj
- A descriptive research method was conducted in the study.
- A sample of (65) students of physical education college, first year, university of salahaddin, were conducted in this study.
- A special statistical analysis was used in this study.
Conclusions and Recommendations
On the basis of the analysis of the data, the following conclusions were presented:
1- Distribution of students at standard ran in the 100 m by the following percentages :
At good very good level by (3.07%)
In a good of (10.76%)
In the level of the average rate (35.38%)
At an acceptable level by (35.38%)
The low level of (12.30%)
In a very low level (3.07%)
2- Distribution of students at standard in the 200 meters as the enemy of the following proportions:-
At good very good level by (3.07%)
In a good level of (15.38%)
In the level of the average rate (27.69%)
At an acceptable level by (36.92%)
The low level of (15.38%)
In a very low level (1.53%)
3- Distribution of students at standard in the effectiveness of throwing weight ratios according to the following proportions:
At good very good level by (4.61%)
In a good level by (9.33%)
In the level of the average rate (35.38%)
At an acceptable level by (40%)
By the low level (7.69%)
In a very low level (3.07%)
4- Distribution of students at standard in the effectiveness of the long jump as the following proportions :-
At good very good level by (1.53%)
In a good level (21.5%)
In the level of the average rate (27.69%)
At an acceptable level by (27.69%)
By the low level (20%)
In a very low level (1.53%)
5- DistributiOn of students at standard in the high jump as the effectiveness of the following proportions :-
At good very good level by (1.53%)
In a good level (18.46%)
In the level of the average rate (24.6%)
At an acceptable level by (33.84%)
The low level of (21.53%)
The researcher recommended the following:
1- The standards and levels which researched by the researchers, should be taken into consideration as basic scores obtained by freshmen students in selecting track and field activities.
2- Using standard levels to evaluate track and field activities for freshmen students through test from time to time.
3- A similar study for second, third, and fourth class should be conducted.

The purpose of study was to discover :-
1- The effect of using the appointment style، singular and group، in
acquire numbers of teaching sport education skills for the third stage
students of the College of sport education .
2- The effect of using the appointment style، singular and group، in
retentioning numbers of teaching sport education skills for the third stage
students of the College of sport education .
* Experimental method was used to reach the objectives of study،
because it fits the nature of the research . Sample of study consist of ( 12 )
students، from third year in the college of sport education، university of
Mosul . For the year 2004 – 2005، which divided into two equal
experimental groups، the first groups used the singular appointment style
the second one used the group appointment style .
* The equivalence for the two groups was in vestigated according to the
variables of age، and what the students have got in the practical teaching
methods subject for the third year students .
* The Experimental design was chosen، which is called، the
experimental design for the equal samples of post observation، as well
as, the researcher used an observation list of three teaching skills ( class
management، showing and explaining the skill، and feedback )، after
that، two records have been shown to evaluators to registered their
marks for the two groups in acquiring and subject was determining
which consist of ( 10 ) unit, one per a week average، for ( 100 ) minutes.
The data of doing the experiment was inserted between 1-3-2005 until
15-5-2005 and the post test done for the two groups after finishing the
experiment research . After gathering the information، data were
processed statistically by using ( arithmetic mean، standard deviation،
" T " test for the paired samples، and Anova one way ) .
The researchers concluded the following :
1- The used of the appointment style ( singular and group) appeared its
activity of the students acquiring three teaching skills .
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2- The style of group appointment appeared to have an excessive success
against the singular appointment style in the students acquiring two
skills : the class management، showing and explaining the skill.
The researchers recommended the following :-
- Depending on the group appointment style in fields of study.
The researchers suggested the following:-
- Doing other same studies to reach the best methods and styles that
enable the training of the students and applicators to let them acquire the
necessary teaching skills to success in their future career .

The motivation for achievement during the study period considered as an
important one، which direct the behavior of the person toward achieving
acceptance، or avoiding none acceptance، or avoiding none acceptance in
cases which require a dominating power in students life.
Aims of research:
1. to introduce the relation between the motivation for achievement and
trend toward physical education lesson by male and female students for
intermediate stage.
2. . to introduce the differences between male and female students for
intermediate stage in their motivation for achievement and trend toward
physical education lesson.
Hypothesis:
1. there is a positive relation between the degree of the motivation for
achievement and the degree of trend toward physical education lesson.
2.there are no significant differences between the students(male and
female)، in their
motivation for achievement and trend toward physical education lesson.
The descriptive approach has been used in the basis of survey،the sample
of research was consist of (426)student from intermediate schools in
Mosul city.
The tools of research was test of motivation for achievement and
aigenscale for the trend toward physical education lesson .
The rightness validity a reliability of the scale was calculated through
applying it on sample of the intermediate school student .
The statistical means which were used are the simple correlation and (t)
test.
The conclusion:
1.there is correlation between the motivation for achievement and
aigenscale and trend toward physical education lesson
2. the motivation of male student for achievement in physical education
lesson was better than of girls.
Suggestion:

Making similar study for the other grate، and carryout researches for the
other psychological trends for physical activities.
Recommendation:
To look after the psychological programs for the students، that include
preparing them to raise the motivation for achievement and developing
their trend toward physical education lesson.

Purpose of study;
The Purpose of this study was :
1-To investigate the effect of motor learning program and free activities program in developing social ,cognitive and motor for kindergarten in Erbil .
2-To investigate the differences between experimental group which used program of motor learning , & control group which used free activities program.
Procedures & Methodology
- An experimental method was used in this study .
- A sample of (65) kids of Liza Model kinder garden in Erbil were used in this study .
- (30) out of (65) were chosen randomly .
- The sample was divided in to two groups equally.
- The first group was experimental which used program of motor learning & the second was control which used free activities program conducted by the kinder garden .
-The equivalent for both groups was conducted , also the homogeneous was conducted too , in variables for suggested program of motor learning.
A scale of developing measurement for social cognitive ,& motor was conducted for this research which consist of (46) phrase distributed on three fundamental tests includes , motor , cognitive & social development .The first test consist of (motor development ) (18) phrase .The second test consist of (cognitive development) (14) phrase .And the third test consist of (social development) (14) phrase.
- The validity of research scale was conducted.
Conclusion & Recommendations
On the basis of the data the following conclusions were presented :
1.the efficiency of free activities of used program were high in developing motor activities.
2.The free activities program did not participate in developing social & cognitive for kids.
3.There was positive efficiency of suggested motor program in developing motor , cognitive , & social elements.
The following recommendations were presented :
1.It is important to use motor learning programs at the kinder garden in developing , motor, cognitive & social activities.
2.It is useful to apply the suggested program in the curriculum of kinder garden for more useful & benefits.

The study aimed at setting athletic and therapeutic exercises program to decrease the lower back pain and knee joint associating pregnancy and acquainting the effects of the two areas is affected more . program to reduce the pain in addition to know which .
The sample included (23) pregnant women. their averaged (20-32) years. and their pregnancy durations were between (5-7) months. The researcher sets a questionnaire to assess the pain of lower back as well as the grade of pain. After that. the questionnaire was presented to the sample to answer it pre and post carrying out the program. After collecting the data and processing it statistically. the following results were found:
1. The study found that the presented program helps in relieving both lower back pain as well as knee joint pain in pregnant women.
2. It was also found that the program was more helpful in relieving knee joint pain than lower back pain.
The study recommended the following:
1. Generalization of the program to medical centers that are concerned with pregnant women and maternal health.
2. Encouraging pregnant women to practice specific exercises during and after pregnant that are useful. safe. and easy to perform to insure healthy pregnancy.
3. Avoid using analgesic because they have side effects.
4. Arranging scientific meetings among experts of pregnancy. sport medicine and physiotherapy to encourage these people to advice pregnant women to make use of this program and similar programs.

The study aims at:
Constructing capability test of shooting from jumping position by accuracy and tolerance performance in handball.
The scope of the study includes the following:
- Human scope: youth players of the Northern Area Handball Clubs.
- Time: the period of time between 1/9/2008 to 29/11/2008.
- Place: The stadiums of the above mentioned clubs.
The researcher used the descriptive approach by surveying style for its appropriateness to the nature of the study.
The sample of the study were the youth players of the Northern area in Iraq in Handball for the period of time between 2008 and 2009, (72) players. The sample of costruction consisted of (27) players in a percentage of (37.5%) out of the total samples of the study. The researcher used the questionnaire, test and analyzing references as means to collect the data of the study. The researcher used also the following statistical means: arithmetical mean، standard deviation, coefficient of correlation (Pearson), Z score, t .test Skwenss correlative and 6-σ score.
capability test in shooting by accuracy and tolerance in performance in handball was construeted by the researcher.
The researcher recommended to use the test that was reached at to help handball coaches in evaluating the level of their players in shooting skill by accuracy and tolerance in performance.

The study aims at using a training program using Microteaching to make the students in the college of sport education at Mosul University acquire the skill of class management, the study sample consist of (16) students were chosen randomly to be a tow groups experimental and control groups with (8) students for each group, they hypothed , there is a significant statistical differences in the mean of students marks in the final test for groups of study in the skill of Management the class for the favor of experimental group.
The tool of study scientific observation text for acquiring the skill, date were treated statistically, the effectiveness of Microteaching the almost final results in making student/teacher aquire the skill of managing the class compared with the traditional method.

The present study aims at constructing knowledgeable planning measurement scale for Tykowndow players in general and advanced Tykowndow player in particular . The sample of the study included (8) eight clubs which represent the north and middle region of Iraq . The total number of players of these clubs is (84) eighty four players . The number of the players who answered the questionnaire was (60) sixty players (71.42%) The measurement included two axis : one is offensive plans and the other is defensive plans . Thirty eight ( 83) items have been put for these axes and the researcher has used a group of statistic methods to ensure the exactness and scientific quality of knowledge measurement scale ; and these are : ratio، discrimination coefficient consistency coefficient، Alfa coefficient to find out reliability.
The researcher has concluded the following results :
1- Thirty two (32) items were accepted and six were rejected out of (38) thirty eight items ، these are :34،31،26، 15، 12، 1 .
2- Knowledge experiment was characterizes by reliability coefficient ( 0،898).The researcher recommended using knowledge experiment، the researcher reached at in measuring knowledge side for the players in Taekowndow

The aim of this research is to inuestigate
1- The common injuries of the upper limb in different physical activities and the percentage according to type، reagion and reason.
2- The relationship between the injuries and the training age.
The rescarch was done on 485 athletes، in Ninava sport medicine centre.
We Conclude:
1- The muscular strain was the most common injury and the blisters was the least.
2- The highest percent of injuries was in football (15.5)، then hand ball injuries (13.8)، and basket ball injuries (12.99).
3- No relationship between the injuries and the height and weight of the beginner players the Athletes.
4- The common injuries was highest in the small ages.