Al-Rafidain Journal For Sport Sciences

The goal of research to :
2. Building batteries test of the skill for footballers age (10-12) years.
As well as the presentation of a series of previous studies and then discussed and analyzed. In the search procedures used in a descriptive approach researcher relations for the mutual relevance and the nature of research and its objectives, which included a search of the players participating primary schools, too, primary schools football age (10-12) years and the sample consisted of research (250) students appeared (50) schools were chosen as intentional after the division Tikrit to the geographical areas.
* The specific skills and variables : (scoring, handling, roll-on/roll-off, controlling the ball, playing the ball head, quenching, the bow side).
After that the process of data collection has been relying on (27) test skill,
* The practical analysis of the research variables individually, as follows : * The practical analysis of the variables specific skills (27), then to arrive at eleven workers were admitted to four factors depending on the terms of acceptance Group which factors (second,fourth, sevent, theth) has been launched by the following designations :
1. factor second control of the ball
2 factor fourth roll-on/roll-off ball
3. factor sevent skill of the ball control and handling (scoring) 4 factor tenth hitting the ball Cape.
In light of this nomination has been a series of tests that have formed the battery specific skills namely :
1. control the ball through ( 30 second ) to represent the to represent factor second
2. roll-on/roll-off the ball around the middle of the stadium to represent factor fourth
3. precision-guided weapons near to represent factor sevent
4. the accuracy of hitting the ball Cape to represent factor tenth

The problem of the research is utilized by the following question:
Is training by using extra weights affect on some physical fitness in Taekwondo
The research aimed at the following:
1- Revealing the differential marks between the anterpre tests and the post-tests for both the Controlled group and the Experimental one is some elements of the physical fitness in Taekwondo.
2- Revealing the effect of using extra weights in some physical fitness elements in Taekwondo .
Hypothises :
1- There is significant deferent between the pre-test and the post-test armeexisting in the both the control group and the expiremintal one in some elements of the physical fitness in Taekwondo .
2- There is significant deferent between the control group and the expiremintal group in some elements of physical fitness in Taekwondo at the post- test .
Research procedures
1- The sample research applied by some (8) Taekwondo Players , they were divided into two groups one of the control and the other was expiremintal, each group consist of (4) Players.
2- Equivalence variable between both groups of the research were verified in height, mass and age as well as some physical.
3- The training program lasted (9) weeks divided into (3), mezocycle, (3) training units weekly, which means (27) training units with (2-1) load move.
4- After the achievement of the experimental test, the posterior test was applied in the same procedures, and conditions, which were used in the anterior test.
Conclusions:
1- The usage training program without extra weights in the control group test affect positively in developing the elements of the special physical fitness (movement speed , Agility , Endurance )
2- The usage extra weights in the Experimental group test affect positively in developing the elements of the special physical fitness ((Explosive power , Flexibility , movement speed , Agility , Endurance)
3- The usage of extra weights made a positive development more than un-using them in the movement speed.
4- The usage of extra weights (5%) of the Players bodyweight is not enough to make a positive reasonable effect though it achieved more development in training without using extra weights in the following special elements of physical fitness:( ((Explosive power , Flexibility , Agility , Endurance)
Recommendations
1- Training affects positively in the special elements of physical fitness with or without using extra weights, and as follows:
( movement speed, Agility , Endurance)
2- It is preferred to use extra weights (5%) of the bodyweight if the goal of training is to develop (( movement speed).
3- Make more studies on training with the usage of extra weights in some other sport activities.

The research aim at being acquainted with the effects of using the unified style of part method in learning some holds of freestyle wrestling. Since it is convinced to the nature of research, the experimental method was used. The sample included 30 students of second academic year in college of physical education, University of sallahadden. The sample divided into two groups with 15 students each. The equality was done in the variables of high, weight, age, and selected physical fitness compound.
The first experimental groups used the learning by unified style part method, while the second experimental group was learned by desecration and demonstration. The program lasted 5 weeks with 5 sessions for each group. The duration of each learn session was 90 minutes. The program lasted from 14 -1 -2008 to 11-2 -2008. The data were processed statistically by using the mean, Standard deviations, t. test.
The researcher concluded the following:
- The first experimental group, which used the unified style of part method, excluded the other second group of. (Ankle pick, overturn by control of Crossed legs). Holds in freestyle wrestling.
- in learning method the holds of The researcher had recommended using the unified style of parts method for learning the difficult skill in wrestling holds.

- The aim of the study was to know the differences on some perceptional abilities (senso-motor) between legs and arms for Goal keepers in football.
- The researcher hypothesis that there was no significant differences between legs and arms on some perceptional abilities (senso-motor) for Goal keepers in football.
- Descriptive method by comparative study was used to suit the nature and problem of the study.
- Sample of the study consisted of (15) Goal keepers, which represented the sport clubs in Nenava province.
- Some tests was used to measure the perceptional abilities (senso-motor)for legs and arms.
- Data was treated by (Arithmetic mean, standard deviation, standard scores, modified standard scores and "T " test ).
- The researcher of study in dictated the following:-
1. There was no significant differences between legs and arms in perceptional abilities (senso-motor) tests.
2. There was no significant differences between control leg and control arm in perceptional abilities (senso- motor) test.

The problem of this research restricted by the following question:
What are the effects of training by a deficit and replenishment of phosphogenates on certain specific physical components, performance speed of certain offensive skills and recovery heart rate? Moreover, which is the better among them?
The research aimed at:
1. Being acquainted with the effects of training by replenishment of phosphogenates on certain specific physical components, offensive skills heart rate of fencing players.
2. Being acquainted with the effects of training by deficit of phosphogenates on certain specific physical components, offensive skills heart rate of fencing players.
3. The significance of differences of curtains specific physical components , offensive skills and heart rate of fencing players.
The researcher hypothesized the following:
1. There were significant differences between the pre and post tests of the first groups (replenishment of the phosphogenates) in certain specific physical components, offensive skills heart rate of fencing players.
2. There were significant differences between the pre and post tests of the second groups (defut of the phosphoyenats) in certain specific physical components, offensive skills heart rate of fencing players.
3. There are significant differences between the tow groups in the physical components , offensive skills and heart rate of fencing players.
Procedures of research
1. The experimental method was used since it is convenient to the nature of research.
2. The sample included eight fencers representing the team of physical education college – University of Mosul. The sample divided into two experimental groups with 4 fencers each.
3. By using "t" test, the equality and homogeneity between the two groups were achieved so that there were no significant differences in variables of age, weight, high, certain specific physical components, performance speed of certain offensive skills and anaerobic power.
4. The training program lasted 9 weeks divided into 3 meso-cycles with 3 training session a week resulting in 27 sessions with (2:1) wave load. Having achieved the training program, the post test was applied in accordance to the same procedures, measurements and conditions in the pre test.
5. Conclusions:
1. The Training program with a replenishment of phosphogenates improved positively the specific physical components.
2. The Training program with a replenishment of phosphogenates improved positively the performance speed of the offensive skills.
3. The Training program with a replenishment of phosphogenates decreased significantly the immediate heart rate after effort.
4. The Training program with a deficit of phosphogenates improved positively the specific physical components excluding the power of the arms.
5. The Training program with a deficit of phosphogenates improved positively the performance speed of the offensive skills.
6. The Training program with a deficit of phosphogenates decreased significantly the recovery heart rate at the second, third, fourth, and fifth minutes.
7. Improving the motor speed of the legs is achieved better by using The Training program with the replenishment of phosphogenates compared with the program of the deficit phosphogenates.

The study aimed at :
- Construction scale of sport self- efficiency in gymnastic lesson for students of the department of the sport education in college of basic education in mousl university.
- evaluating the level of sport self- efficiency in gymnastic lesson for students of the department of the sport education in college of basic education in mousl university .
- expounding the relation between sport self- efficiency with final practical performance in gymnastic lesson for students of the department of the sport education in college of basic education in mosul university .
The researchers adopted the descriptive method with survey style, because it’s the most suitable method for these research .
the subject sample included the students of ( sophomore and junior stage ) in the department of the sport education in college of basic education in mosul university for the year ( 2007-2008 ) .the subject sample consisted of (97 ) students but the subject sample was the same subject of society Which divided into two sample , construction sample ( 63 ) students , and they selected ( 65 %) randomly from the society , and application sample ( 34 ) students at the rate of ( 35 % ) from the society , and the two researchers used scale of sport self- efficiency in gymnastic lesson which made by the two researchers to raise data , and construction steps included :- identify the scale axises- the first pilot-study determining the elements draft etems every field in its primary amage . the validity of content – face validity – statistical analysis of the items using the methods of ( two opposite groups and internal consistency ) , stability , the two researchers used the following statistical tools : ( arithmetic mean , mode , standard deviation , carl persons coefficient , simple correlation coefficient , and T- Test for one sample and two sample , hypothetical mean and percentage . The researchers concluded the following :-
- a measure of self- efficiency was prepared to measure the level of sport self- efficiency in gymnastic lesson for the students of the department of sport education in college of basic education in mosule university .
- the students of the department of sport education in college of basic education in mousl university in general they have agood sport self- efficiency level which may give them an impulse in practical performance .
- there was relation between the level of sport self- efficiency and practical performance in gymnastic lesson for the students of department of sport education in college of basic education in mousl university .

* The present research aims at investigating the following:
1.The effect of the suggested training program on developing the speciliz requirements and skill performance of the floor exercise.
2. The differences concerning some items of the speciliz requirements and skill performance between pre and post tests for each of experimental and control groups.
3. The difference concerning some items of the speciliz requirements and skill performance for the post tests between the experimental and control groups.
hypothesi:
1. There are significant differences in the speciliz requirements and skill performance between the pre and post tests of the two groups.
2. There are significant differences between the experimental and control groups in the post test for the specializ requirements and skill performance.
Conclusion: Results indicate the Following:
1.The suggested program used by experimental group had improvedThe most speciliz demauds and skill performance of floor exercise campard with the control group program has excelled in most speciliz requirements in addition to the skill performance for the two groups.
2. The tradition program used by the control group had not any improvment in the speciliz demards in gueshon and skilfull performance of floor exercise

Through the exercise researcher for the teaching profession and training found no problem in assessing students in some tests skills in football because these tests are Kdla in the truthfulness of the skills measured by the need to reconsider the technicians of these tests consistent with the goals that were designed for it. The goal Search to identify the moral difference between the superficial assessment and evaluation of achievement for some tests the skills of football. Descriptive approach was used in a survey of suitability and the nature of research. The research community first-year students of the Faculty of Education and Sports University of Mosul's (84) students of the total (217) or the equivalent (39%) of the society's original research scientist and used personal interview and content analysis and tests The measurements as a means of gathering information. The most important conclusions that were reached, there are significant differences between the moral evaluation and assessment of the apparent achievement in tests of skills associated with accuracy and time. The mismatch of skills with some testing objectives or purposes for which they were 0 and recommended the need to correct some researcher tests the skills of football The accuracy and time associated with the evaluation according to the superficial and assess achievement. The need to distinguish between the goals of maximum performance tests (achievement) and performance tests distinctive (skill) and how to measure it.

The study aimed at exposing the following:
1.Determining the differences pre-test and post-testes for two groups (control group and experimental group).Using hurdle gymnastic on some of the physical (variables and the level of skill performance for some of the ground movements).
2.Determining the differences on the post experiment test between the control group and the experimental group which used hurdle gymnastic on the some of the physical variables and the level of skill performance for some of the ground movements.
The researcher put the following hypothesis:
1.The were significant differences between the pre-experiment and post experiment tests for the control group and experimental group in hurdle gymnastic on some of the physical variables and the level of skill performance for some of the ground movements in favor of the post-tests for both groups.
2.Sighficant differences exist between the two groups in post test in favor of the experimental group.
The researcher carried out the experiment on a random sample of first grade students in intermediate schools. Consisted of(40) female students divided into two groups(20) for each groups control and experimental.
The homogeneity was achieved between the control group and the experimental group in terms of the variables of age , height, weight and some physical variables beside the level of skill performance as determined by specialists.
The researcher performed the pre-experimental tests which measure the following variables(strength characterized speed of arms’ and legs’ muscles , endurance of arm and leg muscles ,locomotion speed ,agility ,flexibility and balance) beside the test of measuring the skill of performance in some ground movements.
The researcher put a proposed program for hurdle gymnastic including five models each specialized in one of the five kills adopted in the study and performed in the preparation part of the lessen and based upon these skills the researcher selected the tools, instrument and exercises appropriate for the study.
The duration of the program for the experimental group was(8) month using three exercise bouts per week . The researcher relayed on the following statistical tools to analyze the data :
(Arithmetric mean , standard deviation , T-Test for correlation coefficient , and T-Test for independent coefficients).
The most important conclusions by the researcher were:
1.The experimental group using the hurdle gymnastic program showed development in the following physical variables (speed characterized by strength of arm’ and legs’ muscles ,grace , flexibility and balance ) which are better than the control group which used the schools adopted training program.
2.The experimental development in the level of skill performance better than the control group.
Stemming from the conclusions the researcher recommends the following:
1.adopting hurdle gymnastic in preparation part physical education lessen in intermediate schools.
2.adopting hurdle gymnastic in preparation part of physical education curriculum devised by the directorate of sport activity.
3.Different the tools, instrument sand exercises used in hurdle gymnastic according to the skills and activities that are required to be learned.

The aim of the study was to explore the effect of teaching by reciprocal and inclusion styles in skill and emotion gaining for some basic skills in wrestling and compare between them. Experimental method was used to suit the Nature of the study
- Sample of the study consisted of (42) students, which represented the third year in the college of sport education, University of Mosul, for the year (2007-2008), which divided into three equal groups, each group consisted of (14) students, the first group learning according to the inclusion style, the second group according to the reciprocal style, and the third group learning according to the traditional style. The time of learning program (8) weeks, one learning units for each style a week, the time limited was (90) minutes for each learning unit, Scientific tests depend on to reach the objectives of the study. The researcher has used some statistical means to treat the results of the study.
The researcher has reached the following conclusions:
- The Reciprocal style was more effective than the inclusion & traditional style.
- The Reciprocal style has exceeded the inclusion & traditional style in attitude standard towards subject.

Aims of the Study
- To identify the relation of fat percentage in the body on some physical variables.
- To identify the relation of fat percentage in the body on some physiological variables
Hypothesis
- There were significant correlations between fat percentage in the body on some physical variables.
- There were significant correlations between fat percentage in the body on some physiological variables.
Procedures and Methodology
_ A sample of (65) students of first year, of college of physical education were used in this study. The sample were used randomly in the year of (2007-2008), (%60.75) from the total of (107) were represented in this study.
Conclusions and Recommendations
On the basis of the analysis of the data, the following conclusions were presented:
- There were significant different between fat percentage in the body and average of heart pulse and (600) yard running.
- There were positive affect between fat percentage and pulse reat and (600) yard running.
- There were negative affect between fat percentage in the body and jumping from standing position.
The researcher recommended:
- More studies on the correlations of fat on some other physiological variables should be done other.
- More studies on students and other samples should be done other..
- More emphasis on educating individuals in the society of the risk of fat percentage in the body and its risk on health – especially on campus, should be considered.

The effect of aerobic effort on some kidneys functions of cyclists was studies on(5) Ninava champions cyclists (18.8 3.49 yrs ,682.29 kg, 1.75  4.20m).The procedures include pre and post aerobic effort Measurement of white blood cells(WBC), proteins, glucose, and ketone bodies in urine. This study concluded that aerobic effort caused significant increase in urine proteins, with no effects on white blood cells(WBC), glucose, and ketone bodies in urine.

This study drives at evaluating the actual teaching practices of Physical education teachers ( both males and females ) of primary schools
in the city of Mosul . This objective is to be achieved through the
following :
- For evaluating the actual teaching practices of physical education
teachers ( males and females ) of primary schools in mosul.

- Identifying the significant differences of the teaching practices of physical education teachers ( both males and females ) according to the variable of sex , educational qualification and experience
TO achieve the third objective , the researcher has proposed the following hypotheses :
- There is no significant difference between the average of total teaching practices of physical education teachers ( both males and females ) of primary schools according to ( sex variable , the variable of experience, and academic qualification variable )
The researcher has employed the descriptive approach through a survey suitable to the type of research he conducts .
He also used a questionnaire as a means for data collection in accordance with the scientific method . The questionnaire consists of 51 items whose final formula was checked for verifiability and reliability ( The questionnaire items ) being distributed along five axes as follows :
1- The axis of preparing and the lesson scheaming .
2- The axis of implementing the lesson and using the devices and tools.
3- The axis of conducting the lesson and dealing with the pupils .
4- The axis of comprehending fully the topic to be taught .
5- The axis of evaluating the teaching unit .
Each item in the questionnaire expresses a single practice.
The research group encompasses 159 teachers , 65 males and 94 females distributed according to the variables of sex , academic
qualification ( Teaching preparation , institute or college ) and years of experience . After data have been collected from the research group, the statistics treated through a ( T ) test for two separated samples then analyzing the variable ( C) and cheve test to check the average difference
The researcher has concluded :
- Teachers of physical education no matter where they studied or years of experience in Mosul , have acquired a considerable degree of teaching practices in teaching physical education to primary school pupils .
- Male teachers of physical education no matter where they stndred or
years of experience than female teachers .
The researcher provides the following recommendation :
- Requesting the secondary school appointments section in the directorate of education at Nineveh Governorate to have the graduates of the Collage of physical education exclusively appointed in the secondary schools.
- Asking the directorate of atheletics & scouting in the directorate of
education at Nineveh Governorate to co-ordinate with the directorate of
occupation training to have all the physical education teachers ( both males and females ) participate in training , developing and referring
courses stressing the topics to be taught at schools and methods of
evaluation
The researcher has suggested the following
- Teaching practices of physical education teachers ( both males and
females ) of primary schools and their relation to their pupils attitude
towards physical education
- Teaching practices of physical education teachers ( both males and
females ) and their relation to some variable .