Al-Rafidain Journal for Sports Sciences (RJSS)

The aim of Research : To know the Effect using two deferent interval training to develop Anaerobic, pulse rate average and the some respiratory frequency during the Recovery .
The Sample of Research included using Two experimental groups Aril Club youth .
These Two group are training deferent interval training for 8 weeks two unite training in a week the same exercises but there is deferments time between the each group training in the part appointed in part two in interval districts in inter volt training depending times .
Before performance the program training .
The sample Research Selected in 40 yard running 10 times in maximum of ability .
There are 25 Second between each running to know anaerobic power.
After two minutes The rate pulse was measured in the first minute – two minute – third minute after that in retargeted the differences in times and the average of pulse rate in recovery and Respiratory between pre- tests and post – tests .
The Researcher was using mean stander deviation and (Attest) to notify significant deferent’s in order to get The results :
1. There is development of both experimental groups in post tests.
2. The two interval training period (8) weeks showed in the average of pulse rate in parliamentary and in average aspiratory.
3. The two interval training various different period of(8) weeks developed in anaerobic power in the the rate pulse speed and the number Respiratory for the sample number two more the first sample.
The important Recommendations are following :
1. it is necessary to use the deferent interval training exercise in foot ball for positive effect for these exercises to develop in anaerobic .
2. To emphases on foot ball coaches to account on measurement physiological such as average of pulse rate an Respiratory in planning training program of load training suitable to the unites.
3. To emphases on the trainers foot ball to different interval organize the load training in training program putting in the producers energy .
4. To do more the studies and using various different interval training exercise on another sample and on the some physiological variables.

The idea of the research is formed of preparing training program by using individual training and items are included (Compound Exercises) .the research depended on formation of the training load training. And also program planning to achieve the goal of train program .
The Aim of research : The training program in particular compound. Exercises way by individual practicing on developing. Skill fuels practicing . speed and accuracy of shutting of beginners of football players .
The research was done by sample of soccer players and Erbil club , there number was (16)players and then choosing by deliberately implemented the training program . which was prepared by researcher for two months by (3)unites - awake and thus the number of unites ar formed (24) unites and after finishing tha limited period to implement the training program pre- post tests were done and the data treatsent with static’s and bay using (mean – stander divination) and . (t) tests. The Researcher has Reached following:
* Training program by using the compound exercises was appositive effect of developing in skills performance speed upon the skills performance speed and accuracy shutting.
* The developing which happened upon skills performance speed and accuracy shutting was using various compound exercises and the principles of interval trailing that used in training program .
The Researcher has recommended the following .
* It is necessary paying good attention on skill to do developing in skills performance developing accuracy shutting for the beginners by using football .
* Emphasizing on interval train way in developing skills performance speed and accuracy shutting during training preparation because it is gives to player to return the systems in erg .
* It is necessary to do more research on mechanism and system principles modern to develop speed performance skills and accuracy of shutting for young players because its fundamental in footballers.

Abstract:
The Research aims at knowing the following:
- Knowing the accuracy of close-shooting from various area (angle) and different position.
- Knowing which position or area is more accurate than other, when close-shooting in team-handball is used.
The researcher used descriptive method with survey style which helped fulfill some standardized tests which were conducted on group of (12) team-handball’s players representing the team of Physical Education College 2004-2005 Those tests were the main tool of collecting data concerning the accuracy of close-shooting. Analysis of variance was used to get the final result.
Then the researcher concluded that each of angle and position of shooting has great effect on the accuracy of close-shooting and the most accurate position was the stationary one from the front area of the goal.

Abstract:
The research aims are:
1. Detecting the effect of using two direct and indirect learning programs of mental training accompanying the skill training of some Football basic skills.
2. Detecting the differences among the research groups in the post- test in learning the football basic skills. The researchers used the experimental method to achieve the objectives of the study .
The community of the study is made up of (102) Ninava governorate young football players under(16) years , whereas the Sample Of research is composed of (45) players ,subdivided into three equal groups , each of them is made up of (15) players, the first is a control group , whereas the other two are experimental , which three learning programmess have applied , the first programme applied according to the skill training only , the second was carried out in conformity with the direct mental training accompanying the skill training , whereas the third was performed according to the indirect mental training accompanying the skill training . Each programme is made up of (24) learning sessions with (2) sessions weekly .
Having carried out the post-test ,the researchers made the following Conclusions :
1. The three learning programmes have a positive effect on learning the football basic skills but in different ratios.
2. The direct method of mental training with the skill training has a clearer effect than the others in learning the following skills : (dribbling , short passing , shooting , trapping , controlling the ball , and heading) .
Finally , the researchers recommended that:
1.The emphasis be put on both direct and indirect method of mental training with the learning process .
2. The use be made of physical and skills tests to measure the young players level in football .
3. The use be made others types of mental training to learn the skills of football .

Abstract:
The research aims are :
1. Detecting the effect of normal , direct , and indirect methods of mental training on the level of motor satisfiction .
2. Detecting the differncess among the three research groups in the post – tests concerning the level of motor satisfiction in football .
- The researchers have used the experimental method to achieve the afore Mentioned objectives , and three learning programes have been applied on three groups , the first is a control one whereas the two are experimintal , each of them is made up of (15) novice players affiliating to the Ninava governorate team under (16) years .
- Having made the post-test , the resarchers concluded the following :
1. The three learning programes have a positive effect on the level of motor satisfiction .
2. There are significant differences among the three methods in the level of motor satisfiction between pre- and post – tests in the penefit of post- tests .
3. There are significant differences among the three methods of research in the group using the direct method of mental training .
Finally , the researchers have recommended that :
1. The emphasis be made on the use of both the direct and indirect methods of mental training within the learning process.
2. The reliance on the motor satisfiction criterion to the measure the level of motor satisfiction.
3. The emphasis be made on the phychological and emotional aspcts of the novice players on prepearing the learning programes .

Abstract:
The research aims to realizing:
1. The differences in the leading behavior regarding affection to work between hand ball and football coaches from players point of view
2. The differences in the leading behavior regarding attention to relationships between hand ball and foot ball coaches from players’ point of view in order.
To approve this, the two researchers supposed no significant differences between leading manner level for the coaches of both handball and football as regarding attention to work and relationships. Researches sample consisted of (21) players of football and handball of physical college coaches leading manner measure has been used by researchers the measure consisted of (30) expressions as research tool. and after being certain from the truth of research tool and its stability, The data has been processed statistically by using (arithmetical mean, standard deviation، independent sample T test، percentage، and hypothetical mean).
The two researchers conclude the following:
1. Handball and football coaches have positive level for leading behavior concerning performance and relationships simultaneously.
2. Circumstance analogy for most performance and trainings for both of handball and football regarding group action in one team that lead to the leading manners approach for coaches concerning performance and relationships.

Abstract:
The research aims at designing tests for measurement basic skills of tennis. the researchers used descriptive method by analyzing the content of reference in order to find the special tests for basic skills of tennis which have been reviewed by expert to determine its suitability and validity for measuring what supposed to be measured some suggested alteration have been done on it then polit-studies were conducted to get the validity, objectivity and reliability for those test to fit for the sample of the research, extracted tests have been applied on the sample consisted of (92) senior students of physical Education college. the raw data which were collected and statistically treated help to get complete and final forms of the tests for measuring the basic skills of tennis. those tests have been recommended be researchers to be used for measuring and evaluating tennis–performance for the senior students of physical Education college.

Abstract:
The present research aimed at uncovering:
- The level of the social psychological harmony of the second stage students of Intermediate school.
- The effect of Learning Programme of Sport Lesson in Developing social psychological harmony of second stage students of Intermediate school.
Researchers used the experiment method due to its suitablity to the nature of the research the sample of the research included the second stage students of AL- Hadba Islamic Preparatory School Whose number was twenty. Those students were intertionally chosen and divided into two sets: (10) students represented the experimental set and (10) students represented control one. The researchers verified the equivalence of the two groups. They used the psychological and social scale prepared by (Adalli, 2004) as a tool to the research. The learing programme of sport lesson was applied to the experimental set. The programme took eight weeks: three learning units per week and each unit took (45) mins. the programme started on Sunday (13 / 2 / 2005) until Sunday (3 / 4 / 2005). After collecting all the data , they were processed statistically through the use of (person correlation factor, percentage rule, computing level, divergence criterion, T- test for two connected computing levels which are equal and inequal in number)
Rerearchers concluded: There are differences of clear signification between experimental and control sets in the same level of the psychological and social sets in favour of the testing experimental set.
Rerearchers recommend to: Return the weekly programmed sport lesson in Al- Hadba Islamic Preparatory school, Administer studies similar to the role of sport and its relationship to the other variables.

Abstract:
Handball is one of competitory games that implies direct meeting face to face between players. Some factors that distinguish a sport teem- player from a less successful one is self- control during performing the skill to let an attacking plan be successful or to gain a score against the apposing player.
So, it is very important for the player to join the competition with utmost possible self- efficiency in order to endure sudden pressure and incident through the game. Therefore the research aims at some sort of acknowledge preparation that is description of physical case dimension of the player and attitude to words competition with some attacking skills in handball.
Research hypothesis:
1. There is correlation between physical case description dimensions and attitude to words apposing player with some attacking skills in handball.
2. There is correlation between physical case description and attitude to words apposing player.
3. Effect of physical case description dimension and attitude towards the apposing player of a handball player.
The researchers adopted the descriptive methods through using both measures of physical case description dimensions and attitude towards apposing player, prepared by M. H. Allawi, where coefficient of validity and reliability were extracted through survey experiment in addition to testing of some attacking skills in handball ( whip pass, tapping, targeting ). The research simple comprised thirteen Iraqi national females' handball team players. Measure of certain variables of this research was done on Aug.20-23rd 2005. After collecting the results, the researchers analyzed through APSS and got the conclusions. Some of these conclusions are:-
1. There is a strong correlation between physical case description dimension (strength, speed, endurance, agility, flexibility) and attitude to words apposing player with some attacking skills (Whip pass, targeting).
2. There is no correlation between physical case description dimensions (strength, speed, endurance) with tapping skills.
3. There is correlation between physical case description dimension (agility, flexibility) and a tapping.
4. There is correlation between attitude to words apposing player and some attacking skills.
5. The effect of physical case description dimension of female players was stronger than attitude to words apposing player in some attacking skills.

Abstract:
The research aims at knowing:
1. The differences between the effect of using some methods in organizing the wrestling course on gaining skill.
2. The influence of using some methods in organizing the wrestling course on psychological side.
3. The differences between the effect of the methods used in organizing wrestling course on the psychological side.
The experimental method has been used by the researchers because it is suitable to the nature of the study. The sample of the study consists of (45) third-year students from the college of physical education who were divided into (3) equal groups. These students were similar in age, height and weight and in some selected elements of physical and motor fitness as well as the psychological tendency towards the wrestling course. The first experimental group used the theoretical – applied methods , the second experimental group used the l applied –theoretical methods while the control group used the traditional method . the execution of each method lasted 8 weeks with an average of one teaching unit per week . Each teaching unit lasted 90 minutes and the experiment started on Saturday 16/3/2002 and ended Tuesday 7/5/2002.
The researchers used the following statistical tools : (mean , standard deviation , simple correlation coefficient , multi-correlation , T- test for equal number sample , percent L.S.D , normal distribution , and analysis of variance in one direction .
The study arrived at the following conclusions:
1. The two methods, adopted in organizing the wrestling course were effective in teaching the technique of performing motor skills.
2. The two adopted methods in organizing the content of the wrestling course proved to be effective in developing the psychological attitudes towards the wrestling course .
3. There were significant differences in the level of attaining skill between the three experimental groups. The first group proved superior in 7 skills
The researchers recommends the following :
1. Emphasizing the use of theoretical applied method in executing the content of wrestling course to improve the results of education in the technique and emotional field.
2. Emphasizing the realization of emotional objective, which increase the student’s exercise of motor-skill which are very effective in gaining skill.
3. In case it is impossible to use the theoretical applied method, the applied – theoretical method can be used.

The research aims:
- To determine the importance of anthropometric measurements which include (length, circumferences, breadths, and skin fold) which affect the performance of long jump players.
- Setting equations to predict the component of anthropometric measurements in long jump .
- Constricting the profile range on the a bases through best linier models sharing the anthropometric measurements elements in performance.
- Determine the anthropometric measurements profile of high and low level players in accordance to the level of performance.
The research sample included (15) long jump players represent Iraqi clubs. while data collection representing (19) measurement, in additional to the measurement of performance level.
The result of the research reveals number of significant equations for the long jump performance. as well as constructing the profile on the share of anthropometric measurements of performance and its significant.
The researcher recommend to repeat the profiles which was billed formerly for different cams.

Abstract:
Movement quality greatly affect performance through take off in high jump activity. The athlete make good performance to achieve the best and this requires the participation of all body parts in the performance. The study aims at Identifying the main body momentum of the total momentum through take off in high jump Fosbury style.
The researcher has used the descriptive method for its appropriates. The study sample consists of four jumpers who obtained the first ranks in Iraqi Youth Championship held at Erbil. Sport Club Team Stadium. Then the researcher used the following software: I-film, Premier, ACD See, AUTO CAD 2000 and Excel. The researcher also used statistical tools including mean, standard deviation and contribution ratio.
The study concluded that the leading leg occupied the first rank with a ratio (0.998), then the trunk with a ratio (0,995), then the two arms with a ratio (0,963, 0,909) respectively, then the take off leg with a ratio (0,881). The head was the last with a ratio (0,857).