Al-Rafidain Journal for Sports Sciences (RJSS)

Abstract
Viewed by medicine specialists sport care is regarded now days as an Important part in the field of sports medicine . It is used in treating enhancing and protecting individuals from the injuries caused by practicing sports activities by using medical devices . Specialists in the field of sports medicine as well as those who have experience in treating of the problems caused due to practicing sports activities are working in this field So , sports medicine became the umbrella for agroup of sciences and specialization and not to limited us in the field of treatment of sports injuries . It plays an important role now in protection , enhancement , and observation as well as selection and measurement , the research aims at reaching ameasurment used to observe difficulties faced in the field of sports medicine in order to evaluate the problems posed in working in the field of sports viewed by specialist as well as those who are working in the field of sports medicine and physicians.The researcher supposes that the axis of vocational specialization as well as that of training are the most difficult duties in sport medicine.The sample of the research is a group of phsicians &those working in the treatment field of sports medicine as well as lecturers of the college of physical education and the medicine institution in the provinces of Baghdad, Ninevah,Erbil,Duhok & Sulaimania.Questionier &the individual meeting were followed as well the analysis of the references and document which were used to obtain the information . The researcher concluded that the most frequent difficulties faced in working in the field of sports medicine according to the sample of the research one the axes of the abilities and training the researcher also concluded that the axis of the relationship is a secondary problem as seen by the most physicians , specialists as well as those working in the field of sports medicine.

Abstract
The researcher aims at studying the values of some Kinematic variables such as the speed vector of the take –off phase , the momentary initial speed vector of the flying phase , and the angle of flying in long jump . It also aims at studying the relationship between the values of some of the Kinematic variables , and the level of achievement of the sample in the study .
The survey method has been employed within a descriptive approach . Six long – jump athletes participating in the advanced national club Championship constituted the sample of the study . Video – filming and film analysis have been used as means of data colecting. The statistical methods of the mathematical mean , the standard deviation, and the simple correlation coefficient (Pierson) have been employed to arrive at the result .
The researcher has arrived at the conclusion that there is abstract relationship holding between the speed vector of the rising phase , the momentary initial speed vector of the flying phase , and the level of achievement (which proved to be low in the subjects ) .
In this connection , the researchers recommended the use video filming and analysis in carrying out tests in order to find-out precisely the areas of errors , so as to overcome them and arrive at a better level of achievement

The research aims at getting acquainted with the differences among the students of the College of Physical Education for Mosul and SalahAl-DeenUniversities.
Research sample included the third stage students. The number of students involved in the research was 80 students; 40 students of each university. Two tools were used in the research; the first one was Cognitive Acquisition Test in Methods of Teaching subject, which consisted of (30) items whereas the second one was Attitudes Measurement, which consisted of (25) items. The researcher took into consideration the credibility of the two tools and the firmness of Attitudes Measurement. The researcher used the suitable statistical means to treat his data and to find out the results, which were represented by T-Test for the independent samples of equal number. The researcher arrived at many conclusions, the most important one is the following:
 
- The students of Physical Education in Mosul University exceeded those of Salah Al- Deen University in respect of Cognitive Acquisition generally and Attitudes towards the subject of Methods of Teaching specifically.
The researcher recommended that many emphases should be put on giving the subject (theoretical and practical) in a way that matches and develops the capabilities, preparations, attitudes and interests of the students.                 
 
 

Abstract
The study aims at identifying the impact of various kinetic
Exercises in developing some basic skills and physical motor
Abilities of volleyball.
The study sample consists of the fourth stage students at the College of physical education/University of Salahdeen.they wereDivided intwo grops, (15)students for each group,selected randomly.Class B represented the experimental group and class D representedThe control group. Equivalence was made between the two groups in some variables.Some various kinetic exercises were constructed and put in a training Program for the training group.After being reviewed by experts, the
Program was applied on the experimental group. After finishing the Learning program for the two groups a post test forthetwo groups was Made for the psychical and kinetic characters and skills.Data were Statistically analyzed using thesuitable statistical methods.theresearcher Concluded that the experimental group using various kinetic exercisesWas better than the control group in developping kinetic abilities.the Two researchers recommended that modern mechanisms should belooked for to develop physical and kinetic skills in volleyball.

Abstract

The research aims at being acquainted with effects of using sprint training by aids, resistance and both on some physical components and performance of (100) meters dash in addition to the significance in some physical components and performance of (100) meters dash among three methods. The equality among groups was achieved in variables of age, high, weight and some physical components such as maximal locomotive sprint, explosive strength of legs and strength in addition to the performance of 100 meters dash
The experimental methodology was used. The sample included (30) students of fifth class in Al-Rashid secondary school which represents (76%) of research society. The design of one group with pre and post tests was applied in addition to the C.R.D design to study the alternative effects among variables of research in factorial experiment (2x4).
The sample divided into (3) groups. The first one applied the sprint training by aids. The second one applied the sprint training by resistance. The third one applied the sprint training by aids and resistance.

The research concluded the following:
1- All programs achieved an improvement in physical components and performance of (100) meters dash.
2- The program of The third group applied the sprint training by aids and resistance achieved an improvement in maximal locomotive sprint and performance of (100) meters dash better than other groups.
3- The program of The third group applied the sprint training by aids and resistance achieved an improvement in the explosive strength of legs better than other groups. The second group came in the second order while the first group came in third order
4- The program of The third group applied the sprint training by aids and resistance achieved an improvement in the strength of legs in spite of there were no significant differences. The group applied the sprint training by resistance came in second order and the group applied the sprint training by aids came in third order.

Abstract

The research aimed at :-
- Being aquatinted with the effects of using motor game program and the
traditional physical education program in developing some basic
motor skills of student second class in primary school .
- Comparing between the results of pre and post tests of motor
games program and traditional physical education program in
developing some basic motor skills of student second class in primary school

The research hypothesized the following :-
- There are significant differences between the results of the students of
both , post test and pre test , of basic motor skills for both
groups .
- There are significant difference between the posts tests of basic
motor skills for both group .
The experimental method was used because it suits the nurture of
the research , the sample included ( 40 ) students of second in class primary schools and divided into two groups at random .
The first was experimental which used the motor games programs on
completion style basis ,while the second one applied the traditional physical program , the most basic motor skills was determined by a team of experts specialized in methodology of teaching and motor learning and processed by validity and stability .

Sets of tools were used in the research , then equality between
the two groups in some variables and tests of basic motor skills
was achieved .
The program conducted within ( 14 ) learning sessions lasted
( 7 ) weeks , with ( 2 ) sessions a week .

The post test of both research groups was processed statistically by
using ( mathematical mean , standard deviation and "t " test .
The researchers concluded the following :-
- The motor game program and the traditional physical education
achieved a development in the basic motor skills .
- The motor game program achieved development in comparison with the pre and post test .

The researchers recommended the following :-
- Using motor game program for primary school students for its
active effects .

Abstract

The aim of the research
- This research aims at recognizing the effects of the explorative and motor games programs on developing some of the basic motor skills .
- It is prepared to compare the outcome of using the program of explorative games and that of the motor games in developing some
of the basic motor skills for the students of primary second class .
The research has two assumption s :
- There are significant differences between the results of the pre and post tests in some basic kinetic skills for the primary second class students and for the both first and second experimental groups
- There are significant differences in the results of the post tests between the first and second experimental groups of the basic Kinetic skills for the primary second class student .
The experimental was used because of its fitness to the nature of this research . The research sample includes 40 students of primary second class. The sample was randomly divided random into two experimental groups . The first group uses the program of the motor games program with competitive style,
Whereas the second group used the explorative games program .
The most important basic motor skills were identified by a group of experts and specialists in the field of methodology Kinetic learning and
measurement and evaluation , then validity and stability were made . The two groups were qualified in the variable of ( age , weight , high , inelegance , and some tests of the basic motor skills ) .
The program was implemented by 14 learning unit The time of each session was 40 minutes. The post test was made for the two groups the data processed was statistically by using ( mathematical average , standard deviation and T test ) .
Conclusions :
- The programs of explorative and motor games has achieved an advance
in some of the basic motor skills in the prior and posterior tests .
- The explorative games program has realized and advance in some of
basic kinetic skills when a comparison was made between the pre and post tests .
. - The program of kinetic games has realized an advance in some of the basic Kinetic skills when a comparison was made between the prior test and the posterior one .
-An equality appeared between the tests of the basic kinetic skills
between the two programs excluding that explorative program excelled the other programs in post test of 20 meter sprint .
Recommendation :
- This research recommends to use the program of the explorative games
for its active effect in developing the basic Kinetic skills .
- To make a related research for females students of the primary stage in the future .

Abstract

• The aim of study was to establish scale of offensive tactics behavior for the players of excellent degree clubs in football in north of Iraq.
• The descriptive method by survey style was used to reach the objective of study , society of research was consist of ( 202) players which represented the clubs in north of Iraq , on the other hand , the sample of study was consist of (180) players without goalkeepers .
• The researcher used the scale of tactics positions in the third offensive of the field procedures of the establishment contents of the determine the scale domains , prepare the primary shape of scale , determine the manner of preparing positions , and preparing the criterion positions in his primary feature , as well as , the researcher depend on the scientific steps and procedures in establishing the criterion by using referees validity , and scientific analysis for the tactics positions.
• Finally , the researcher reach to build criterion of tactics behavior in the third offensive for the players of excellent degree clubs in foot ball in the north of Iraq .

Abstract

The study aimed at the following:
Be acquainted with the percentage contribution of motor speed and flexibility of certain body joints to the speed and accuracy of stabbing in foil.
Setting predictive equations for the speed and accuracy of stabbing by means of motor speed in flexibility of certain body joints. Design atest to measure the speed motor in Fencing.
The researcher had hypothesized the following:
There is a contribution percentage between the motor speed and flexibility of certain body joints to speed and accuracy of foil stabbing.
There is ability to build two equations for prediction of speed and accuracy of stabbing by motor speed and flexibility of certain body joints.
The theoretical chapter had dealt with the speed and accuracy of stabbing in addition to flexibility. The descriptive method with correlation style was used since its convenient to the nature of study.
The subjects of the study students from the third academic year in college of physical education – university of Mosul. Their total number are 107 . The samble of the study considered of 69 studdents they sepresnt 46% of the whole research.
The tests, measurements, questionnaire, and personal interview were used as means to collect the data of study. the researcher had used a test to measure the speed and accuracy of stabbing, then a test to measure the flexibility of body joints, in addition to design a test to measure the speed in stabbing.
The mean, standard deviation, Person correlation coefficient, correlation matrix, distribution percentage, and coefficient of simple and multiple regression were used to process the data statistically.
The researcher had concluded the following:
The results revealed nine equations of contribution percentage for speed and accuracy of lunge in accordance with motor speed and flexibility of certain body joints participating in foil stabbing.
In the light of final equations which represent the significant contribution, nine specific predictive equations had build in accuracy and speed of lunge in accordance with the motor speed and flexibility of certain body joints participating in foil stabbing.

The aim of the research is to find out the effect some assistant instrument in order to get the art of accuracy and performance of the strokes (forehand and backhand and servies ).the researchers used the experimental methods for being suitable for the nature of the problem. The samples of the research were formed by (30) volunteers, their ages (12 – 13) years, divided into three researched groups, (10) volunteers for each group, equivalence with them in variables (age, length, weight) in addition to some numbers of elements of body fitness and dynamic.each group carried out its private program according to following styles:

The first learning program (style of carrying out the applicable exercises on the wall).
The second learning program (style carrying our applicable exercises in tennis court).
The third learning program (style carrying out applicable exercises on the wall and in tennis court).

Carrying out each learning program took (10) weeks, three units per week, time (90) minutes per each learning unit. the researchers used the following statistical means: standard deviation, simple correlation coefficient, analysis variance in one direction and L.S.D.
The researchers concluded the following:      
    To improve using of the first learning program (by using the style of carrying out of applicable exercises on the wall) which proved activity to development of technical performance and accuracy for both (fore hand and back hand and services) strokes.
Also, the out stroke, when they compared with their classmates (friends) in two first and second programs.the researcher recommended many suggestions some of them are important as the following:

Using the style of carrying out for applicable exercises on the wall because it is the best proposed learning means for gaining the technical performance and its accuracy with beginners ages (12 –13) years for fore and back strokes and service.

Abstract
The research aims at being acquainted with effects of using interval high intensity and repetitive weight-trainings on aspects of muscular strength related to performance of shot put and significance between the two methods. The experimental methodology was used. A sample of 12 players was chosen then divided into two groups with 6 players each. The equality between two groups was achieved in variables of chronological age, training age, body mass, length of shooting arm, and length of upper extreme in addition to the performance of shot put and aspects of muscular strength in question. The procedures of research included designing two training programs of interval high intensity and repetitive weight-trainings; pilot studies; identifying intensities; conducting the pre tests which included tests of maximal strength, power, endurance of strength, and explosive strength. After that the two programs applied for 9 weeks with 3 meso-cycles and 3 session a week. The wave of training load was 2:1. finally the post test were conducted.
The research concluded the following:
1 The program of repetitive training achieved an improvement in maximal strength, power, and endurance of strength of arms and chest in addition to the explosive strength of arms and trunk.
2 The program of interval high intensity training achieved an improvement in power, and endurance of strength of arms and chest in addition to the explosive strength of arms and trunk.
3 The program of interval high intensity training achieved more improvement in endurance of strength of arms and chest than the program of repetitive training.
4 The program of repetitive training achieved more improvement in maximal strength, power of arms and chest than the program of interval high intensity training.
5 The aspects of muscular strength, explosive strength, and power of the two groups were improved so that there were no significant differences between them at post tests.